Haemorrhoids, Anal Tears and Fissures

What are Haemorrhoids (Piles)?

痔疮，又称痔疮，是直肠下部和肛门周围肿大肿胀的血管。大多数时候你没有意识到有痔疮，但在大多数情况下，你会感到一个小肿块，它就在肛门内外。当第一次发现痔疮出血时，可能会很可怕，但并不严重。

Haemorrhoids, anal tears and anal fissures can all result in bleeding from the anus, which can be quite alarming. All these conditions are relatively common and in most cases any bleeding is not a cause for alarm. However, any bleeding from the anus should always be investigated immediately as it may be a symptom of a more serious condition.

What Causes Haemorrhoids?

  • Piles are usually caused when you strain to pass a stool. So people who are frequentlyconstipatedand who regularly strain, often suffer from piles.
  • They are also common during orafter pregnancydue to the pressure from the developing baby, hormonal changes and the delivery of the baby.

Smaller piles will disappear naturally when constipation is alleviated.

Larger piles that do not resolve may need treatment from a surgeon.

If there is an irritation or an itch associated with piles, ask your pharmacist for advice. There are a number of preparations that can help ease the discomfort.

How are Haemorrhoids Treated?

You may find it useful to have a read of ourtreatmentspage for more information. Ensure you’re spoken to your GP before starting any new treatment.

注射痔疮是治疗痔疮出血的一种特别有效的方法。It is sometimes calledsclerotherapy. Injecting a small amount of a chemical called phenol into the base of the haemorrhoids causes them to shrink in size. This can take a number of weeks to be effective, so you should not expect immediate results.

Other treatments includebanding,ointments, laser treatment, or surgery.

How to Prevent Haemorrhoids

Unfortunately, having your haemorrhoids injected does not guarantee that they will never come back. Injection usually improves symptoms for a few months, but in many cases the injections need to be repeated. You may also wish to try;

  • Increasing the fibrein your diet is known to be as effective as injections for preventing further problems
  • Increasing your fluidintake which can help prevent further problems with haemorrhoids
  • Avoiding straining and constipation which is the most useful thing patients can do to prevent the problem coming back. If the fibre content of your diet is not sufficient to keep your stools soft, then a fibre supplement can help.

Tears in the Anus & Anal Fissures

Bleeding from the anus can occur if you have passed a rather big and / or hard stool and experienced some pain during and after the passing. This is usually caused by a small tear in the lining of the anal canal.

肛裂是指肛门周围的裂口。当你排便时，它们会打开，之后可能会继续疼痛。他们也可能流血。

You can prevent the fissures from reopening by trying to avoid constipation. This will, therefore, make your faeces easy to pass.

Is Bleeding From the Back Passage Serious?

如果肛门出血与肠道疾病有关，而不是肛门本身，那么肛门出血就会很严重。These diseases/conditions include:

  • Cancer of the rectum / lower colon
  • Innocent or benign tumours (polyps)
  • Inflammation of the rectum (proctitis)
  • Inflammation of the colon (colitis)

Your GP will help to evaluate your problem and may use the following procedures when examining you:

  • Examine your abdomen, searching for lumps or tender areas
  • Examine your back passage to check the anal canal

Following these investigations, your GP may decide to send you to a specialist who may investigate further and you may need to undergo some common tests and procedures. To read more about the tests that you may be required to have, please read ourBowel Advice Sheet.

Further Help

如果你认为你有痔疮，并担心你的问题或它开始影响你的日常生活，预约看你的医生，失禁护士或专家物理治疗师。尿失禁护士和专业物理治疗师是专门处理膀胱和肠道问题的医疗专业人员。